- Digital Collections

Number of Videos: 32

Time: 00:17:04

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 25 of 65

Reel 25 of 65 Unedited travelogue Debre Libanos

Shotlist

Cat. Reel 368. 1969: Reel 25: Ethiopia. April 15. Debre Libanos. Coptic monastery on gorge shelf (founded B.C.): Debra Libanos Monastery: modern building, three modern mosaics on exterior. Cemetery Escarpment, "dry falls." Tablet with inscription, outside monastery (cu). Clock on roof. Priest. Book: script, goatskin cover (900 years old). Book: "The Miracle of Saint Mary." Three-panel painting, in color. Painting : last in "Miracle of St. Mary," has two panels, a figure in each. New Testament (belonging to His Imperial Majesty): felt and gold binding, crucifix on one cover, cross with Mary and child on the other. Page of book in color: seal of H. I. M. Silver crown of King Yohannes: views from four sides (cu). Crown of Queen Tayu (wife of Menelek II): 6 ribs, sphere on top. Two crowns of Empress Menen (died 1962). Priest modeling two robes (cu). Silver cross (out of focus). Robes (pan shot). Golden goblet for wine in church: figure on top. Cup for wine: gold and silver base. Gold cup: delicate decoration, silver bells, details of base. Carved silver goblets Carved golden cross: front and back views. Carved silver cross. Censor on a chain. Silver and gold cross: carved angel, two views.

Time: 00:17:09

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 34 of 65

Reel 34 of 65 Unedited travelogue Addis Ababa

Shotlist

Cat. Reel 377 1969: Reel 34: Ethiopia. April 30. Addis Ababa. Assembled pieces at jeweler’s. Assembling metal piece using hand tool. Intricate weaving on horizontal loom with loose colored threads.(some out of focus). Lost wax process: making a silver cross, cutting cross pattern into flat wax with a pointed knife. Warming wax piece while working it. Cutting out the empty part of cross design. Breaking off excess wax. Pounding down uneven parts and burr. Smoothing surface with hot knife, further trimming. Quadrasecting a cross-stencil wax square. Smoothing edges of small wax square. Cutting and melting design into square with hot knife: using a hot iron to weld small squares onto main wax assembly. Retouching welds with hot knife. Forming stick of wax to attach to completed wax assembly. Attaching small pieces and handle to main assembly. Ringing assembly with wax coil. Finished wax cross. Ingredients of clay for lost wax molds: clay, fine clay, charcoal, bits of burlap for binder. Pounding clay mix on anvil. Covering wax cross with clay and working clay into enclosed wax cross, by hand. Forming opening for molten silver or alloy. Forming clay crucible used to melt silver. Wax-clay assembly in the fire.

Time: 00:17:55

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 33 of 65

Reel 33 of 65 Unedited travelogue Addis Ababa

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Reel 33 of 65 Unedited travelogue Addis Ababa Cat. Reel 376 1969: Reel 33: Ethiopia. April 29. Addis Ababa. Attaching second and third bowls to a "base bowl." Unfired three-part bowl. Forming base of bowl by squeezing off clay cone. Forming sidewalls. Placing coil on top, forming neck. Forming lip (underexposed). Attaching handles. Starting two-piece dish similar to potato dish with cover. Forming sidewalls. Forming lip and flange for lid. Forming lid using paddle. Forming edge of lid using leaf or cloth. Forming handle of lid. Placing lid onto flange of dish: it fits without reforming At jeweler's: Assembling some parts (out of focus). Blow torch used on pieces on hand-held asbestos base. Finished silver objects. Blow torch, asbestos base. Silver pieces that have been torched. Torch applied to metal sphere held in wire nest. Attaching silver handle using blow torch and tongs.

Time: 00:17:58

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 32 of 65

Reel 32 of 65 Unedited travelogue Addis Ababa

Shotlist

Cat. Reel 375 1969: Reel 32: Ethiopia. April 28-29. Addis Ababa. "Toss rotating" a pot held in hand. Scraping the sides. Forming the neck. Adding "knobs" to serve as handle. Decorating jug: making grooves with a tool. Channeling out a spout using a stick. Virtuoso potter: forming base by punching clay. Forming sidewalls, paddling sides using paddle, also using "toss-rotating.” Closing the mouth by Paddling. Forming the bottom and top. Cutting out a section with a knife leaving a hole. Punching holes. Making a jug. Same method as above. Making decorative grooves with hand tool. Smoothing the lip. Woman potter forming base of pot. Forming sides using a paddle. Making hole in bottom. Making a pot. Making a bowl Opening a clay sphere, attaching bowl near opened mouth.

Time: 00:17:28

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 31 of 65

Reel 31 of 65 Unedited travelogue Harrar Jijiga

Shotlist

Cat. Reel 374. 1969: Reel 31: Ethiopia. Apr-l 23-28. Harar. Jijiga. Lined wicker water basket. Tukul: hemispherical. Branch corral. Tukuls: hemispherical (ws, then closer). Oryx: long straight horns (antelope family) Baboon. Ostrich. Homes in shrub enclosure (Danakil people). Brush gate in brush corral. Tukuls. Dow dung (quite alot). Woman churning milk in a skin bag. Tukul. Cow dung. Tukul in brush enclosure. Danakil men and women: note dagger. Danakil man: dogger, jug on head. Grinding raw clay using two stones. Mixing clay, using feet. Starting clay pot: leaves prevent clay from sticking to ground. Forming sidewalls by hand with no wheel. Placing coil, forming neck. Placing coil around neck. Forming straight sides of, then finishing, neck. Forming ridge at base of neck. Indentation for decoration on lip. Forming handle. Forming a small bowl by hand.

Time: 00:17:29

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 30 of 65

Reel 30 of 65 Unedited travelogue Harrar Jijiga

Shotlist

Reel 30 of 65 Unedited travelogue Harrar Cat. Reel 373 1969: Reel 30: Ethiopia. April 22-23. Harar. Jijiga. Domesticated bee hive under eave of Tukul. Stone hitching Dost. Storage jars in Tukul. Woven straw basket: verv dark interior. Gourd with attached cap. Market scenes (Harar Kotolcho village): women in colorful clothing, Sheltered grain market. Salt. Soap. , Crucible used by silversmith. The motions of pouring molten silver into mold. Wire drawing: rotating log drum pulls chain that pulls silver slug through die Swinging the silver using hammer on anvil held in inverted tree fork. Posts that hold drawing die. Chain and the drawing shaft that pulls wire through die. Drawing post: grooves hold die (cu). Die (a mechanic's drill gauge) motions of wire-drawing. Silver being pulled through die* note clamping tongs, chain. Chain being wound on shaft. Silver filigree bracelet. Market traffic (en-route to Jijiga): people carrying wood. Roadside wood and charcoal stands. Small village of thatched huts. Live turtle Boulder apparently perched on natural column. Weaver bird nests with entrance tubes: note attachment to tree branch. Tripod scales for weighing grain. Market: nearly empty. Filling skin bag from open well using rope with pail. Ken in reed-pail bucket brigade: some sing or chant to provide rhythm. Bucket brigade: view from bottom of well: note timing, (some underexposed). Bucket brigade: view along line toward well, buckets are hauled from man to man. Ditch into which water is dumped. Jijiga

Time: 00:17:38

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 29 of 65

Reel 29 of 65 Unedited travelogue Harrar

Shotlist

Harar. Weaving colored reeds by hand. Splitting reeds with teeth (some cu). Two-piece colored reed basket Seven baskets. Hand weaving a hairnet on a frame (some cu). Market outside of a wall: many individual shelters Charcoal for sale. Woman in yellow dress under shelter. Market scenes. Women carrying leafy branches to celebration. Market scenes: goods carried on heads, native dress. Silver necklaces for sale (cu). Silversmith: charcoal fire, torch, a forming die and a piece formed in it. Market scenes. Gourds in walled market. Market scenes. Market traffic: people on dirt road, goods on heads. Old Tukul. Tukul under construction: note twig binding. Straw spire at top of Tukul. Inside tukul: "three stone" fire with pot. Tukul interior: central supporting pole. Seat made of inverted forked tree stump

Time: 00:17:37

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 28 of 65

Reel 28 of 65 Unedited travelogue Harrar Haraghi Tribe

Shotlist

Reel 28 of 65 Unedited travelogue Harrar Cat. Reel 371. 1969: Reel 28: Ethiopia. April 20-21. Harar (Harari people-Gey 'Usu). Stone carvings on top of Mt. Kundudo mausoleum.[?] Stone bell tower with arches: built to mark city's borders. Six (of seven) stone gates of the city: Showabor Gate: white, tile design (cu). Bula Ber Gate: Two stone towers, crenalated wall in distance Senga Ber Gate, in ruins. Erer Ber Gate: wooden door, original gate. Conical white tomb. Wall with projecting square towers. Felana Ber Gate: (spoon gate: tribe used to make wooden spoons). Wooden door in original pate. Street scene. Wood market ( pan ). Mausoleum or tomb. Small market: people, food (mcu). Musical instrument - a Krar: Five strings, gourd chamber, goat-skin surface. A krar: bridge, chamber: side view (cu). A krar: bottom view. Tension device. Four wooden spoons. Market scenes. Overhanging second story of house, wooden balcony. Market scenes: few people: note girl with flat hat. Galle girl in metallic dress: note tattoo, smile. Fruit market: women urging drivers to stop. Three Termite nests: one tall and slender. Brush-made hiding place from which to scare birds harvest. Termite nest. Woman. Girl: note bun hairstyle, leaf over ear. Girls: "bun" hairstyles. View outside Harar: hills. Walled Muslim market: sweeping with brush broom. Girl in Scotch plaid shawl. Boy carrying hot coals in container. Woman with basket on head, baby. Market scenes: people in native dress, many with burdens. Haraghi Tribe

Time: 00:17:40

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 27 of 65

Reel 27 of 65 Unedited travelogue Dire Dawa Harrar Ethiopia. Dire Dawa. Bunch of ghat: perennial shrub, leaves chewed by Muslims. General market (Dire Dawa): arched gateway. Vegetable market: women colorfully dressed: note stockings. Interesting wall: stone columns, metal work. Potter using basin to shape base of pot, forming sidewalls. Potter adding coil of clay Chat market within stone wall. Wood market. Loaded camel at wood market. Hay market. Stick shelter. Roofed spice market. Spices (cu). Hexagonal Coptic Church. Crowded,loaded camels at rest. Gourds for sale. Flat roofed mud huts (en-route to Harrar). Chat trees on terrace (#see K's notes). Market traffic: colorful clothing. Note bottle on head. Sticks carried on heads. Harar (distant pan shot).

Time: 00:17:33

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 26 of 65

Reel 26 of 65 Unedited travelogue Addis Ababa Awash Station

Shotlist

Cat. Reel 369 1969: Reel 26: Ethiopia. April 17-18. Addis Ababa. Awash Station Filling water skin and gourds at waterhole (general view). Filling water skin using funnel. Lifting water skins to ground level. Filling a gourd. Lifting a water skin. Views on near side of waterhole. Weaver-bird nests: lack "tunnel" entrance (most entrances face away from wind). Nests. Double nest. Nest in tree. Awash River Gorge (water lost in lake and desert before it can reach ocean): note new railroad bridge, pillars of old bridge, in Great Rift Valley. Escarpment, village (Harari Tribe). Man with sandals, leather rope, skirt, canes, gourd. Rope bundle, metal ax. Woman braiding rope by hand, holding finished rope in mouth: note armlets, beads, bracelets, hairstyle (some cu of braiding). Bundle (baby?) on back. Braiding hemp. Toothy young girl. Branch frame shelter for man who protects grain in field: note construction (cu). Weaver bird nest. Charcoal kiln. Yard, hut, charcoal, in bags. Wooden mortar and pestle. Wooden saddle for carrying wood. Cactus flower (mcu, cu). Two Tukuls with grain hutch on stone base: note evenness of lower border of thatch. Half thatched tukul in tukul compound. Tukuls. Small roadside market. Rich farmland. Tukul under construction: note branch bands strengthening lower part. Tukul. Tukul with kitchen addition. Tukul, yard, garden, grain storage, brush fence. Tukul: spire at apex, freshly plastered walls. Corral of branches or saplings. Tukul.

Time: 00:17:40

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 24 of 65

Reel 24 of 65 Unedited travelogue Bahar Dar Tisisat Falls

Shotlist

Reel 24 of 65 Unedited travelogue Bahar Dar Cat. Reel 367 1969: Reel 24 Ethiopia. April 10. Bahir Dar. Tissisat Falls . Geological "dome": (en-route to Bahar Dar from Gondar). Eroded dome. Open hauling brush. Blue Nile George: note concavity formed by whirlpool, old stone arch forming part of a bridge. Tissisat Falls where Lake Tana waters form Abbai River (Blue Nile): Dry season(25 mm, 100 mm). Many Falls, including double falls (pan). Five reed tukuls (en-route to Bahir Dar.) Tukul: working area formed by roof overhang 'and green wall. Winnowing en-route to Addis Ababa using wood scoop shovel, brush broom for chaff. Tukul roof under construction. Papyrus boat, stick oar. Reed boat for transporting dirt. Reed boats on Lake Tana. Reed boat on land: probably drying out (*see K's notes). Reed boat: interior construction. Boy paddling reed boat. Priests on way to church: note cross, grass wound around head, robes, umbrellas (en-route to Addis Ababa). Skin cloaks. Marketplace at Emanuel Village, (pan). Sheepskin bag contains cans. Skin cloaks. Basket section. Dense crowd at market. Threshing, apparently by ox hooves. Ox in center seems trained to lead others in circle. Note possible tail twisting. Skin pegged to dry: note scraping knife. Dead fire probably for roasting grain. Loading straw into burlap doth and onto donkey. Debre Libanos: Nile tributary. High cliff (distant shot). Tisisat Falls

Time: 00:17:44

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 23 of 65

Reel 23 of 65 Unedited travelogue Lalibela Gondar Koga

Shotlist

Reel 23 of 65 Unedited travelogue Cat. Reel 366 1969: Reel 23: Ethiopia Lalibela. Gondar. Koga. April 8-10 Lost wax process: cutting wax with pointed knife (some sequences underexposed) Pounding white clay on a stone while adding bits of burlap for binder. Adding water to clay, shaping clay for mold. Forming clay mold around wax, forming opening in mold, finishing a silver cross. Silversmith with son or grandson. Camel saddle. Tukuls. Stairs to second story. Distant wooden gate or stick building. Lalibela Market: banana leaves. Men carrying stones using shoulder poles. Green umbrella. Market scenes Geological "dome" (en route to Bahir Dar from Gondar) (distant shot). Cleared ground: threshing floors (?). Koga Market: mats and baskets. Men wearing skins, some with reed umbrellas. Red clay water jug with carrying thong (mcu)• Stick in a bag, for tamping down grain. Reed mats, wrapped up. Reed sieve (cu). Cotton for sale. Weighing cotton in pan balance. Iron heated on charcoal fire: skin bellows. Working the iron. Iron implements. Embroidered saddle on "nobleman's" horse. Reed umbrella: interior. Umbrella: note knob on top. Koga market (pan) Sheep on leash tied to man's toe. Koga market (pan shot). Skin shelter; very crude. Lalibela Gondar Koga

Time: 00:17:41

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 22 of 65

Reel 22 of 65 Unedited travelogue Lalibela

Shotlist

Cat. Reel 365 1969: Reel 22: Ethiopia. April 7-8. Lalibela. Stone and thatch tukuls (en-route to St. Gabriel Church): round, two story. Granite arches of St. Gabriel. Windows. A painting in a book. Weaving reed blankets by hand: no loom. Weaver and loom in yard: horizontal loom, hole for treadle action, warp around posts. Loom action (cu). Waver and loom. 2 tukuls, one with second-story porch. 2 stone grinding mills. Lost wax casting: making silver crosses. Heating the wax: metal vessel, skin bellows. Molten wax filtered through cloth to hardening pan. Fueling the fire. Removing hard wax from pan. Scraping clean the wax surface. Cutting wax, probably with hot knife. Smoothing edges of wax using a hot knife. Cutting off long slender piece. Scraping wax with knife Cutting, smoothing wax square. Cutting wax square to desired shape, cutting out design, indenting edges with hot knife. Finished wax pieces on anvil. Welding wax pieces with hot knife. Cutting welded pieces with a hot knife. Mixing clay on a stone anvil, flattening it on a cloth. Pressing wax model into clay, covering wax with clay, leaving an opening in the mold. Heating clay-wax assembly on charcoal fire: wax volatilizes. Silver or alloy in crucible over fire. Pouring silver into clay mold, using tongs. Breaking the mold: a silver cross. Filing and polishing cross held in clamp. Boiling lime or lemon juice in vessel, for cleaning the cross. Village huts. People carrying wood. Making a cross: larger than the cross above, same procedure.

Time: 00:17:42

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 21 of 65

Reel 21 of 65 Unedited travelogue Lalibela

Shotlist

Reel 21 of 65 Unedited travelogue Lalibela Cat. Reel 364 1969: Reel 21: Ethiopia. April 7. Lalibela. Golgotha Michael Church: [Bete Golgotha] very dark interior. Golgotha Michael [Bete Golgotha]: Cleft between rock cliff and church. Roof. Boy in skin clothing. Cleft or channel in rock. Branch and stone corral in yard: jug, mortar, stone tukul with exterior stairway, note two story,(pan shot). House numbers. Crude clay vessel. Straw covered stone tukuls: Bread covers drying. Stone and thatch tukul, yard Bread cover. Clay pots. Covered, stone flour mill. Large clay vessel. Stone tukuls (distant view). Church of St. George, view from above: cross-shaped, excavation walls, stone water spout. (Best indication of monolithic construction Side views: window decorations. Stone bell. Square pool, tunnels or tombs. Priest at entrance. Priest and carpet at entrance to St. George Church [Bete Giyorgis] (mcu). Sidewalks and tunnel: view from entrance. Priest reading book. Priest's paraphernalia on rug. Channels, entrances, tombs in stone. Book: 800 years old, new goatskin binding. Low entrance view from indoors. Seat made from cleft stick. Priest's paraphernalia on steps. Tunnel leading to Mercurious Church [Bete Merkorios] from Emanuel Church.[Bete Amanuel] Tunnel corridor. Lock mechanism: stone bolt hole. Painting in Mercurious Church [Bete Merkorios]: three mural decorations (a great treasure of Ethiopia). Pillars exposed through fallen side of Mercurious Church [Bete Merkorios] Reconstructed altar. Wooden private door on way to Bet Abba Libanos. Abba Libanos Church: front view entrance, windows. Incense burner: censor on chain.

Time: 00:17:43

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 13 of 65

Reel 13 of 65 Unedited travelogue Aduwa Axum

Shotlist

Reel 13 of 65 Unedited travelogue Aduwa Rolling water drums up a hill. Water well. Large stelae (purpose unknown, although chambers at bases are probably tombs: carved to represent many-story building (pan shot). Stela carved as building (100 mm). "Door," "lock," carved in stone (cu). A game "board:" indentations on base of stela. Treasure: Royal crowns, cross, drum, a priest. Three crowns (cu) (*see K's notes). Square gold crown. Seven shots of crowns: some bejeweled. Large perforated metal cross, priest. Nine shots of crowns: one with painting, one with script (cu). Priest in gold embroidered robe, with metal cross (mcu, cu). Six paintings in a psalm book (good color). Script in psalm book. Stone, domed treasury house: note fence. 500 year old church, still in use: note water spouts, bell house, some stone carving Fallen stela showing details: holes may be for missing bronze plate (Axum). Stelae: general view. Section of carved stela (cu). Axum

Time: 00:17:44

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 20 of 65

Reel 20 of 65 Unedited travelogue Gondar Lalibela

Shotlist

Cat. Reel 363 1969: Reel 20: Ethiopia. April 6-7. Gondar. Lalibela. Rock hewn churches, those of Lalibela chiseled from granite in the 12th Century. Gemjabiet Marian Church: [Bete Maryam] paintings in very dark interior. Church of Medhami Alem, [Bet Medhane Alem] Savior of the World (11th Century): pillars (many reconstructed), windows, doors. Pillars at corners and sides (pan shot). Rock tomb openings in courtyard wall. Corner of building. Rough granite wall of original excavation (under-exposed). Carving: indentations in granite. Tunnel to adjacent church. Rock seat. Interface of church and granite cliff. Tunnel. Church interior: arches, beams, etc. carved from living rock. Group of five churches: first is Medhami Alem [Bet Medhane Alem] (pan). Bet Marian Church [Bete Maryam] : windows, tunnels, exterior. Bet Marian Church: [Bete Maryam] protruding, pillared entrance, relief carvings--men on horses, etc. Cruciform baptismal pool. Priests studying in entrance. Very dark interior views; beams, arches, decorations, pillars. Tunnel to Golgotha Michael Church [Bete Golgotha]: 2 square pillars.

Time: 00:17:11

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 19 of 65

Reel 19 of 65 Unedited travelogue Gondar

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Cat. Reel 362 1969 Reel 19: Ethiopia. April 4-5. Gondar. Paintings in Debre Berhan Selassie Church: rafters densely decorated. Qusquam Palace (Portuguese building being reconstructed): round-domed towers, stone walls, arched windows, gateway (pan shot). Gondar open air market: articles for sale. Raised stone platform. Colored baskets (some cu). Skins for sale. Baskets carried on head. Stone grain platform. Stone pepper platform. Skins. People arriving at market. Long bag carried on back. People. Fasiledes castle: stone, with round turrets. At Gemjabiet [?] Church: 11 scenes from paintings: fierce lion, bearded man, man on horse with spear, etc.

Time: 00:17:49

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 18 of 65

Reel 18 of 65 Unedited travelogue Gondar

Shotlist

Cat. Reel 361 1969: Reel 18: Ethiopia. April 4. Gondar. Open kiln: positioning pieces for firing. Placing dry straw on pieces to be fired. Skin bellows for working iron . Iron piece in charcoal fire. Hammering on iron anvil. Bellows: air tube held in place by stone. Pounding and grinding raw clay, using two stones. Brush animal corral. Bellows. Grinding clay with stones. Baby in background. Unloading kiln: each woman claims her own pieces. Polishing hot clay pieces by rubbing with straw. Unloading small figures. Making a setting for a ring using hand tools (cu, 8 fps). Broach on red background. Silvery cross. Long silver neck-piece. Silver filigree box. Hand-woven leather cross, pendant, bracelet, silver cross. Gilt castle, possibly a replica of Gondar Castle. Scribe copying a religious book onto goatskin (in Geez script)using bamboo pen, horn ink pots. Smoothing goatskin with a stone. Colored pictures in the book which is being copied. Writing in book. Debre Berhan Selassie Church (Portuguese construction): exterior view of one columned arcade. Cross at top of church. Scenes of paintings on wall and ceiling (all original, Seventeenth century style) (10 pan shots, good color). Holy Trinity, Creation of heaven, earth, angels, wind. Four celestial animals. Fall of demons. Temptation of Adam and Eve. Expulsion from Eden.

Time: 00:17:48

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 16 of 65

Reel 16 of 65 Unedited travelogue Gondar Weleka Teda

Shotlist

Reel 16 of 65 Unedited travelogue Gondar Weleka Teda Cat. Reel 359 1969: Reel 16: Ethiopia. April 3. Gondar. Welega. Teda. Potter forming base of pot by hand on movable platform without wheel (Ethiopian Jewish potters). Forming sidewalls using hand tool: note use of fingers on side-wall (cu) . Forming neck of vase (cu). Forming handles of vase (cu). Starting base of pot (cu). Forming sidewalls, neck (cu). Attaching handle, forming spout by poking hole into knob (cu). Decorating a pot using a stick. Smoothing lip with a leaf (cu). Fired pot, unfired pot (cu). note ease of modeling with stick. Making clay figure of woman grinding grain (shown finished a left) note ring on potter's thumb. Forming clay woman. Forming eyes, mouth with stick Attaching body to base (cu). Forming breasts. Forming grindstone and arms: Forming and attaching mortar. Forming pestle, arms. Forming baby, attaching to mother's back. Forming eyes, mouth of baby. Finishing the piece.

Time: 00:17:04

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 15 of 65

Reel 15 of 65 Unedited travelogue Axum Mt. Abune Penteleon Adi Matri Adi Akrai

Shotlist

Reel 15 of 65 Unedited travelogue Axum Mt. Abune Penteleon Adi Matri Adi Akrai Cat. Reel 358 1969: Reel 15: Ethiopia. April 1. Aksum. Mt. Abune Penteleon [?] Abba Pantelewon. Adi Matri [?]. Stone houses. Stone church of Abune Penteleon,or Abba Pantelewon[?]on a hill Stone houses. Stone bell. Priest with cross. Donkey, foot tethered. Two paintings inside Abune Penteleon Church.or Abba Pantelewon [?] Huts in compounds: view from the church. Priest, people, ceremoniously walking around women's church. 9 scenes from modern paintings in women's church. Stone steps up hillside to church Views of church from steps. Musical instruments in a shop: string, bridge, stone resonating chamber, thongs. Six-stringed musical instrument. Paintings for sale. Trees in a termite hill (en-route to Gondar from Axum). Horses or mules on way to market. Termite nest (cu). Adi Matri market: open air (pan shot). Very young merchant. Spinning: woman with two bobbins. Cooking: concave iron pan, batter, fire. Honey hives (usually made of tree bark). People en-route to market. Farm. Distant huts. At Market at Adi Akrai [?] Food on stone platform. Balance scales for grain. Woman, donkey, gourds. Rows of water drums. Gourds hanging in a tree. Weaver-bird nest with "tunnel" entrance. Bird nest "tunnel" entrance. Beehive (?) Thatch on a wooden platform. Wooden cattle shelter. Thatched house, sheltered work area on the side. Crowded open air market. Mules loaded with grain at merchant's mill. Mules, rope for mules. Girl chopping wood with machete. Skins drying on frames.

Time: 00:17:49

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Ethopia 1969 Reel 14 of 65

Reel 14 of 65 Unedited travelogue Axum

Shotlist

Cat. Reel 357 1969: Reel 14: Ethiopia. April 1. Aksum. Rolling water drums up a hill. Water well. Large stellae (purpose unknown, although chambers at bases are probably tombs: carved to represent many-story building (pan shot). Stela carved as building. Door, "lock," carved in stone (cu). A game "board:" indentations on base of stela. Treasure: Royal crowns, cross, drum, a priest. Three crowns (cu). Square gold crown. Seven shots of crowns: some bejeweled. Large perforated metal cross, priest. Nine shots of crowns: one with painting, one with script (cu). Priest in gold embroidered robe, with metal cross (mcu, cu). Six paintings in a psalm book (good color). Script in psalm book. Stone, domed treasury house: note fence. 500 year old church, still in use: note water spouts, bell house, some stone carving. Fallen stela showing details: holes may be for missing bronze plate (Axum). Stellae: general view. Section of carved stela (cu).

Time: 00:17:18

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 12 of 65

Reel 12 of 65 Unedited travelogue Debra Dames Axum Yeha Aduwa

Shotlist

Reel 12 of 65 Unedited travelogue Debra Dames Axum Yeha Aduwa Cat. Reel 355 1969: Reel 12: Ethiopia. March 30-31. Debra Dames [?]. Axum. Yeha. Adwa. Mesa of Debra Dames: west side (pan shot). Thatched huts in village. Mesa: west of Debra Dames. Stone walled compound: stacks of straw. Flat roofed stone houses. Grain or herbs drying on skins. Field of perpendicular rocks. Mesa: similar to Debra Dames. Skins: pegged, lying on ground. Trees lean away from wind. Geologic cones, worn mesa (pan shot). Farmlands at base of domes (en-route to Yeha). Woman, baby,; donkey. Stone building: small chimney, earth covered roof. Stone buildings (pan shot), Village scenes: people, pots, conical straw hut. Seventh Century Church (restored): entrance, stone steps. Church: stone carving, insignia over door. Five paintings: very dark church interior. Church dome interior: painted wooden beams. Wooden tripod candle holder. Insignia over painted entrance door. Straw hut on stilts: shelter for position to frighten birds. Market place (in Adwa) (pan shot). Measuring grain using a cup. Vegetable line: many umbrellas. Seeds, etc., with measuring cups (cu). Market scenes (mcu). Weaving: vertical foot treadle loom: treadle action, "string and button" mechanism. Hairstyling: note uniformity of braids (price depends on size of knots) Kneading clay (Potter's wheel, modern tools, not much used: rather shaped bone and piece of goatskin). Forming base of pot, placing in dirt-dusted bowl (non-stick). Forming base and sidewalls of pot. Shaping pot interior, probably using a stone. Forming lip of pot. Forming a "nub" on lip of pot, using a moistened leaf. Forming base of pot: note handle on wooden bowl that holds the clay. Woman potter: face, hairstyle. Forming knobs on pot for rope handle. "Queen of Sheba" Palace (Axum): Excavations: general view. Circular stone altars within a wall. Excavations, stone altar, Stone walls. Stone step, possibly for throne: good workmanship. Stone wall: semi-rough, dressed stone at corners, off seat stones. Dressed stone: one stone showing what may have been base for a column. Dressed stone. Trench. Reconstructed wall. Walls, stonework, dressed stone. Arch (window?) in wall. Drainage opening in stone wall. Two stone drainage channels. Crude stone stellae or obelisks. Stone slabs; possibly burial place of Queen of Sheeba. Stellae or obelisks.

Time: 00:17:16

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 11 of 65

Reel 11 of 65 Unedited travelogue Edaga Di Barura Adi Ugri Adi Quala Rama Cat. Reel 354 1969: Reel 11: Ethiopia. [Current day Eritrea] March 25-30. Edaga Di Baraua. Adi Ugri [Current day Mendefera]. Adi Quala[in current day Eritrea] and Rama (in Ethiopia). Aksum.(in Ethiopia). Market at Edaga Di Barua: general view. Grain. Metal containers. Reeds: plain and colored. Clay or dung bread baking cover with long handle. Leather baby carrier on child's back. Reeds, baskets. Grain market: partly roofed; arcade behind low stone wall. Unloading a donkey. Reeds. Cup inverted on stick: means "beer for sale." Black pottery. Market: line of small white tents (pan shot). Salt for sale: wooden stand, measuring cups. Cotton section. Oil section: oil in small cans. Vegetables, peppers. At Adi Quala on way to Aksum from Asmara: Reed section. Soldier with gun. Onions. Rock platforms. Peppers. Burlap umbrella. Market. People (pan shot). Bread baking pans. Pottery market: many umbrellas. Grain in leather bags (cu). Rama market: general view. Brush-roof stall for selling. Donkeys. Houses in stone walled compound: thatched roofs. Two-story stone buildings, one with exterior stairs. Yard. En-route to Rehe Damos Monastery (Sixth Century): Flat tire. Monastery on hilltop (pan from Landrover). Base of cliff: leather cables afford only access to monastery carved from rock (no women or female animals allowed. No wells; carved reservoirs *see K's notes). Rama. Axum. Debra Dames. Man climbing cable to entrance in rock, met by monks. Man climbing down. Monks in doorway: note sliding wooden door (100 mm). Valley, mesa (pan shot). Mud hut with flat roof. Hut or tukul: thatched roof. Two story stone buildings: circular, mud roofs. Brush corrals. Stone barrier: holds mud on roof. Stone building. Stone tukul, thatched roof. Cliff. Axum Debra Dames

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Reel 11 of 65 Unedited travelogue Edaga Di Barura Adi Ugri Adi Quala Rama Axum Debra Dames

Time: 00:17:48

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 10 of 65

Reel 10 of 65 Unedited travelogue Keren Asmara Edaga Di Barura

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Reel 10 of 65 Unedited travelogue Keren Asmara Edaga Di Barura Cat. Reel 353 1969: Reel 10: Ethiopia.[Current day Eritrea] March 27-29. Keren. Asmara. Edaga Di Barura. Water well, reservoir, irrigated garden. Operating a shadoof.[Eritrea] Tomato garden. Honey hives in tree. Baobab tree. Camels resting in dry river bed. Sesame oil mill: wooden, camel driven (like that at Fort Lamy, Chad) Large wooden mill with angles pestle pulled by camel: note universal joint Top part of mill, universal joint (cu). Rotating mechanism and counterweight that causes pestle to squeeze seeds Camel's leg rubbed by traces. Reed weaving. Reed baskets for sale. Market: burlap awning, variety of goods. Open air market: general view. Farm on a hill. "Flat" tree. New building sidewall branches still green with leaves. Reed tukul. Stone tukul with conical top. Stone tukul: conical top. Door to bottom section of tukul. Reed huts. Two small stone and stick huts in rock field. River gorge. Mountain roads. Terrace farming. Wood for sale. Woodpile waiting for axe. Houses. Mud-covered tin-roofed hut, fire and kettle in yard. Bird nests on telephone pples. Compact brush hut. Brush hut on hill: poles form sidewalls. Brush fence. Hexagonal church, cemetery. Saturday cattle market (Asmara): goats. Cattle market. Distant buildings (pan shot). Paint "branding irons," general market view. Fat tailed sheep. Goats. Filling water bags, loading onto donkey saddled with pad. Roadside scene: hill, buildings. Open air market at Edaga Di Barua (pan shot).

Time: 00:16:24

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 9 of 65

Reel 9 of 65 Unedited travelogue Asmara Belesa Adi-Abetto en route to Keren

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Cat. Reel 352 1969: Reel 9: Ethiopia. March 26. Asmara. [In current day Eritrea] Belesa (in Ethiopia). Adi-Abetto [In current day Eritrea] en-route to Keren [In current day Eritrea]. Woodcarvings from Seventh Century Church (Italian museum, Asmara). Grain grinding mill: two pieces, carved volcanic rock. Grinding mill. Broken stone mortar. Large carved wooden arch from Senafe. Yemeni woodcarvings: shutters. South Arabian woodcarvings: Shutters. Mortar of volcanic rock, from Adulis (major Axumite seaport). Pot shards from Senafe. Pottery. Clay oil lamp from Adulis. Broken clay platter from Adulis. Shards of several colors. Broken pottery from Adulis: clay head, -large vessel, etc. Belesa Village: note stone walled enclosure (pan shot). Wooden farm tool. Iron digging stick. Stone building with dirt covered roof. Circular, stone enclosures. Making reed basket by hand (cu). Houses. Porch roof. Plastered, painted stone walls (pan shot). Hairstyles. Houses. Store. Dirt roof. Hill, countryside. House, porch, painted and plastered walls, cow under roof. Roof: wooden posts, dirt top: not thickness. Stone ledge on roof to retain dirt. Many children. Making bread baking covers from cow dung and horse manure using convex molds. Layer of dry earth put on mold to prevent sticking. Putting manure into mold. Perpendicular stone: perpendicular stone: probably hitching post. Making a handle for bread baking cover, from manure, by hand. En-route to Keren: Woman with axe gathering firewood. Raising water using pails, poles, and counterweights: note crude wood construction, log channel for water, rope grooves in counter-weight, clay reservoir

Time: 00:17:15

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 8 of 65

Reel 8 of 65 Unedited travelogue Asmara

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Reel 8 of 65 Unedited travelogue Asmara Cat. Reel 351 1969s Reel 8: Ethiopia.[Current day Eritrea] March 25-26. Asmara. Hairstyling: technique of holding needle (cu). St. Mary's Coptic Church of Zim (Asmara) gate with a picture. Mosaics under eaves. Stone bell. Seven-part religious mural. Stone steps. Market (Asmara): spice, baskets, mats, etc. Leather articles, some decorated with seashells. Vegetables. Antimony crystals. Asmara city (pan shot from outskirts). Modern mural on building. Goldsmith working on gold embedded in wax, using loupe and hand tool, Gold jewelry for sale. Assembling gold pieces using tweezers, before welding. Large gold pin on wax base. Gold cross in wax (out of focus). Seven gold objects: cross, jewelry box, etc. (out of focus). Gold filigree bracelet (out of focus). Short cross (out of focus).

Time: 00:17:42

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 7 of 65

Reel 7 of 65 Unedited travelogue Senafe Asmara Adi Caieh Decamere

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Reel 7 of 65 Unedited travelogue Senafe Asmara Adi Caieh Decamere Cat. Reel 350 1969: Reel 7: Ethiopia [Current day Eritrea]. March 24. Senafe. Asmara. Adi Keyh. Decamere. Farm lands. Donkeys, People: going to market. Farmland: less vegetation than Addis area. Women walking to market through fields. Rocky farm area (near Adi Keyh). Women with loaded donkey. Umbrellas. Irrigated vegetable garden. Plow: power driven. Circular, stone grain storage platform en steep mountainside. Well: raising water with bucket and pulley. People at well. Grain market! grain on mats, stone platform (pan shot). Chicken for sale. Spices in open sacks. Small vegetables. Flat, reed hat. Reed weaving: splitting and tying reeds using hand tool. Reed mat and blanket section of market. Discarded cans for sale. Stone platform for selling salt. Market: note burlap sun shield, (pan shot). Mosque: wall, dome, minaret. Bougainvillea. Tall clay or brick chimney. Lilac. Woman removing cotton seed by hand (Asmara). Removing seed by rolling iron bar over cotton. Spinning reels: wooden, hand-held. Spinning cotton: spindle in one hand, cotton in the other, dexterous technique (good cu). Spinning: from one reel to another. Flat stone for baking oat and wheat bread: grease from flax and castor oil. Griddle cover: concave, clay, with handle. Pouring bread dough onto griddle: note opening for wood fuel. Cover placed over dough. Removing hot bread using reed mat. Making "bread beer": barrel of fermenting dough ("dagus"). Grinding oats and wheat for bread: stone grinder, basin for catching flour. Making wooden farm tools, using hand tool. Burlap shelter for a worker. Wooden farm tools, wooden blades, etc. Cutting metal drum to make basin, using hand tool. Finished basins. Hammering lip of basin on anvil. Iron frame to hold a vessel for heating. Griddle on iron frame. Portable, metal charcoal stove: note grate, cup. Blacksmith's shop: hammering and shaping iron. Wick lamp. Making concave-convex iron cover, using wooden hammer. Making metal funnel using hammer and iron gear for shaping. Grain section of market. Mosque and minaret.

Time: 00:17:29

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 6 of 65

Reel 6 of 65 Unedited travelogue Church of Wokro

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Reel 6 of 65 Unedited travelogue Church of Wokro Cat. Reel 349 1969: Reel 6: Ethiopia. Church of Wokro. Qohaito, Eritrea Entrance carved into rocky cliff (pan shot to sky). Stone pillar. Church interior, very dark: pillars, carved stone,a picture hung a pillar. Metal censer held by priest. Priest's ceremonial umbrella (cu). Brick house with flat mud covered roof. Rock hewn Church of Wokro (founded 334) Steps worn by use. Stone drainage channel. Walls, corner: stone and brick construction. Mountains seen from Belew Kelew. White burial building. Stella: carved in "Geez" language. Building. Stone-and-grass houses. Monastery of Gebre Mesqel Lalibela (Seventh Century A.D.): white exterior, elaborately and colorfully decorated. Figure inside Gebre Mesqel: lion and angel (cu). Paintings: 10 scenes of Ethiopian Orthodox painting Drum: skin drum head. Interior wall. A picture. Grinding stone. Graves. Alcove. Painting of saints, in its original cave. Stone structures, including many-layered buildings. Ruins at Qohaito [in Eritrea]: pillars. Walls. Flowers.

Time: 00:17:21

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 5 of 65

Reel 5 of 65 Unedited travelogue

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Reel 5 of 65 Unedited travelogue Makale Quiha Wokro Roch Church of Abraha Cat. Reel 348 1969: Reel 5: Ethiopia. March 21-22. Mek'ele. Qwiha. Rock Church of Abraha and Sabiha. Stone "seat" (at Qwiha market). Eggs, chickens, for sale. Skin or fabric mats for sale. Unloading salt slabs from donkey. Loading salt onto donkey. Salt slabs, edges protected by reed strips. Stone tupuls and stone buildings, stone and brush fence (distant). Building under construction: thin wood. Using rock to break wood. Sparsely attended market. Twig firewood (pan.) Grain, etc. for sale in open sacks, on mats. Hilltop (Qwiha). Various scenes: grass huts, men running with grass bundles. Bougainvillea. Empty market: stone platforms. Round stone houses: scenes from road. Digging into riverbank to give Landrover access. Rock Church of Abraha and Sabiha (1600 years old) exterior view. Paintings on cloth, hung on wall (1888) (some scenes underexposed). Jug, half-buried, possibly for washing. Tree stump with branches for holding candles. Paintings on cloth. Paintings in a book. Amharic writing (good color). Stone window. Church: dark interior, a wall painting. Amharic script in a book. Rock pillar supporting roof. Drums: skin drum-head. Stone building and wall. Entrance doors in stone cliff face. Priest. Large decorated cross. Decorated ceremonial umbrellas (cu) Rock church exterior: old script on shutters. Church entrance.

Time: 00:17:52

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 1 of 65

Reel 1 of 65 Unedited travelogue Addis Abada Debre Berhan Silassie Robi Village Kembolcha Bati

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Reel 1 of 65 Unedited travelogue Addis Abada Debre Berhan Silassie Robi Village Kembolcha Bati Cat. Reel 344 1969: Reel 1 : Ethiopia. March 16-17. Addis Ababa. Debre Berhan. Selassie.Robi. .Kombolcha. Bati. Turtle outside Monastery of Debre Berhan Selassie. Log arm chair built right into a tree. Gravestones with crosses, in a yard. Insignia on roof of church. Church (underexposed) Farming on mountain slopes (10,000 feet): note terraces, soil slippage (pan shot). Market: bamboo enclosure, low mud-brick, thatched houses. Beer making materials: wood chips, etc. Grain storage container: mud-plastered twigs. Wooden fence. Bag of charcoal, bundles of split wood for sale. Charcoal and wood by road, huts: a characteristic scene. Monday Market (Robi Village): thatched cones protect stored grain. Flat brown cover for baking bread. Yards scene: water jug, animal shelter. Making clay pot (Ethiopians don't use wheel): just a circle of clay in the straw. Thatched hut with moveable door. Working area under awning on side of hut. Simple stick-frame spindle. Making a hut: long roof poles, walls not yet mud plastered. Plowing (near Robi, also known as Garba Guracha): wooden plow, oxen, man in cloth skirt with long bull whip. Plow: "tongue and yoke" mechanism, tied by thongs. En-route, Kombolcha to Bati: Farming millet on mountainside. People walking to great Bati market, on desert border (*see K's notes), Thatched hut being built: thatch grown for that purpose. People going to market:many carry gourds, umbrellas, pieces of wood. Mule train. Stone bridge. Rolled-up hide (cash money). Market at 9:15 a.m. general view. Butter in skins for sale. Butter skins (cu). Reed material, mats, for sale. Camel, pole-and-skin carrying saddle. Hobbled mule or donkey. Mats. Animal skins. Sandal shoe. Cow skins (mcu). Camel market. Camel, full butter skin in carrying saddle. Hobbled donkey. Cattle market. Market, antique gallows: general view. Plaited, buttered hair (characteristic of 2/3 of the population - butter halts parasites.)

Time: 00:06:42

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 35 of 65

Reel 35 of 65 Unedited travelogue Addis Ababa

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Cat. Reel 378 1969: Reel 35: Ethiopia. May 1. Addis Ababa. Lost wax casting process Pouring molten wax from mold. Putting empty mold back in fire. Putting crucible on fire. Silver in crucible. Pouring silver into mold. Silver cross, broken mold. Cutting off silver plug, using hammer and chisel. Filing off burr, rough-filing surface of cross. Filing edges; smith holds cross against foot. Smith operating skin bellows to heat lime and water to clean cross. Dome in Trinity Cathedral: dome painting dark interior. Altar: dark interior. Stained glass windows: 15 shots of biblical scenes (mcu). Lost wax casting process Pouring molten wax from mold. Putting empty mold back in fire. Putting crucible on fire. Silver in crucible. Pouring silver into mold. Silver cross, broken mold. Cutting off silver plug, using hammer and chisel. Filing off burr, rough-filing surface of cross. Filing edges; smith holds cross against foot. Smith operating skin bellows to heat lime and water to clean cross. Dome in Trinity Cathedral: dome painting dark interior. Altar: dark interior. Stained glass windows: 15 shots of biblical scenes (mcu).

Time: 00:17:34

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Ethiopia 1969 Reel 17 of 65

Reel 17 of 65 Unedited travelogue Gondar Weleka Teda

Shotlist

Reel 17 of 65 Pottery for sale (pan). Vases, bowls. Grain grinding stone (dark). Grinding grain by hand using two stones. Pounding raw clay using wooden mortar and pestle. Clay stove or cupboard in home. Skin covered chair (very dark). Clay cupboard, niches, clay jug with gourd (very dark). Clay stove or fireplace: note 4" posts to hold dish. Huts in yard: outside view. Potter forming base of large clay pot by hand on stone or clay base no wheel. Forming sidewalls. Smoothing surface (*see K's notes). "Toeing in" upper sidewalls to form opening for neck. Forming neck: note four toes of pattern, oddly bent. Form two handles, decorating. Base and sidewalls of a pot, finishing pot: note leaf to smooth lip, Forming an nub for carrying a rope. People and children. Skin covered chair used by Kintner. Huts in yard (pan shots). Branch and stick corral top used to store straw. Hut with door. Open fire kiln, pots. Injera bread. Straw covered bee hives. Opening in bee hive. Building under construction, straw hut. Polishing a clay vessel using blue beads as an abrasive. People: Preparing open kiln for firing the Clay figures of Reel 341. Breaking wood.